Immune disorder

Immune disorder
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	D80-D89
ICD-9	273, 279
MeSH	D007154

An immune disorder is a dysfunction of the immune system. These disorders can be characterized in several different ways:

• By the component(s) of the immune system affected
• By whether the immune system is overactive or underactive
• By whether the condition is congenital or acquired

According to the International Union of Immunological Societies, more than 150 primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) have been characterized.^[1] However, the number of acquired immunodeficiencies exceeds the number of PIDs.^[2]

It has been suggested that most people have at least one primary immunodeficiency.^[3] Due to redundancies in the immune system, though, many of these are never detected.

Contents 1 List of some autoimmune disorders 2 Immunodeficiencies 3 Allergies 4 See also 5 References 6 External links

List of some autoimmune disorders

• Lupus
• Scleroderma
• Certain types of hemolytic anemia
• Vasculitis
• Type one diabetes
• Graves disease
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Multiple sclerosis
• Goodpasture's syndrome
• Pernicious anemia
• Some types of myopathy

Immunodeficiencies

Primary immune deficiency diseases are those caused by inherited genetic mutations. Secondary or acquired immune deficiencies are caused by something outside the body such as a virus or immune suppressing drugs.^[4]

Primary immune diseases are at risk to an increased susceptibility to, and often recurrent ear infections, pneumonia, bronchitis, sinusitis or skin infections. Immunodeficient patients may less frequently develop abscesses of their internal organs, autoimmune or rheumatologic and gastrointestinal problems.^[5]

Primary immune deficiencies

• Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
• DiGeorge syndrome
• Hyperimmunoglobinemia E syndrome (also known as Job’s Syndrome)
• Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID): B-cell levels are normal in circulation but with decreased production of IgG throughout the years, so it is the only primary immune disorder that presents onset in the late teens years.
• Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD): a deficiency in NADPH oxidase enzyme, which causes failure to generate oxygen radicals. Classical recurrent infection from catalase positive bacteria and fungi.
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS)
• Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS)
• Hyper-Immunoglobulin M syndrome (Hyper-IgM): X-linked disorder that causes a deficiency in the production of CD40 ligand on activated T-cells. This increases the production and release of IgM into circulation. The B-cell and T-cell numbers are within normal limits. Increased susceptibility to extracellular bacteria and opportunistic infections.
• Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD)
• NF-κB Essential Modifier (NEMO) Mutations
• Selective immunoglobulin A deficiency: the most common defect of the humoral immunity, characterized by a deficiency of IgA. Produces repeating sino-pulmonary and gastrointestinal infections.
• X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA; also known as Bruton type agammaglobulinemia): characterized by a deficiency in tyrosine kinase enzyme that blocks B-cell maturation in the bone marrow. No B-cells are produced to circulation and thus, there are no immunoglobulin classes, although there tends to be a normal cell-mediated immunity.
• X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP)
• Ataxia-telangiectasia

Secondary immune deficiencies

• AIDS

Allergies

An allergy is an abnormal immune reaction to a harmless antigen.

• Seasonal allergy
• Mastocytosis
• Perennial allergy
• Anaphylaxis
• Food allergy
• Allergic rhinitis^[6]
• Atopic dermatitis

See also

• Disorders of human immunity
• Hypersplenism

References

External links

• Immune disorder at the Open Directory Project

Pathology: Medical conditions and ICD code (Disease / Disorder / Illness, Syndrome / Sequence, Symptom / Sign, Injury, etc.) (A/B, 001–139) Infectious disease/Infection: Bacterial disease (G+, G-) · Virus disease · Parasitic disease (Protozoan infection, Helminthiasis, Ectoparasitic infestation) · Mycosis · Zoonosis (C/D, 140–239 & 279–289) Cancer (C00–D48, 140–239) Tumor Myeloid hematologic (D50–D77, 280–289) Anemia · Coagulopathy Lymphoid immune (D80–D89, 279) Immunodeficiency · Immunoproliferative disorder · Hypersensitivity (E, 240–278) Endocrine disease · Nutrition disorder · Inborn error of metabolism (F, 290–319) Mental disorder (G, 320–359) Nervous system disease (CNS, PNS) · Neuromuscular disease (H, 360–389) Eye disease · Ear disease (I, 390–459) Cardiovascular disease (Heart disease, Vascular disease) (J, 460–519) Respiratory disease (Obstructive lung disease, Restrictive lung disease, Pneumonia) (K, 520–579) Stomatognathic disease (Tooth disease) · Digestive disease (Esophageal, Stomach, Enteropathy, Liver, Pancreatic) (L, 680–709) Skin disease · skin appendages (Nail disease, Hair disease, Sweat gland disease) (M, 710–739) Musculoskeletal disorders: Myopathy · Arthropathy · Osteochondropathy (Osteopathy, Chondropathy) (N, 580–629) Urologic disease (Nephropathy, Urinary bladder disease) · Male genital disease · Breast disease · Female genital disease (O, 630–679) Complications of pregnancy · Obstetric labor complication · Puerperal disorder (P, 760–779) Fetal disease (Q, 740–759) Congenital disorder (Congenital abnormality) (R, 780–799) Syndromes · Medical signs (Eponymous) (S/T, 800–999) Bone fracture · Joint dislocation · Sprain · Strain · Subluxation · Head injury · Chest trauma · Poisoning

Immune disorders: Lymphoid and complement immunodeficiency (D80–D85, 279.0–4) Primary Antibody/humoral (B) Hypogammaglobulinemia X-linked agammaglobulinemia · Transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy Dysgammaglobulinemia IgA deficiency · IgG deficiency · IgM deficiency · Hyper IgM syndrome (2, 3, 4, 5) · Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome · Hyper-IgE syndrome Other Common variable immunodeficiency · ICF syndrome T cell deficiency (T) thymic hypoplasia: hypoparathyroid (Di George's syndrome) · euparathyroid (Nezelof syndrome, Ataxia telangiectasia) peripheral: Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency · Hyper IgM syndrome (1) Severe combined (B+T) x-linked: X-SCID autosomal: Adenosine deaminase deficiency · Omenn syndrome · ZAP70 deficiency · Bare lymphocyte syndrome Acquired AIDS Leukopenia: Lymphocytopenia Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia Complement deficiency C1-inhibitor (Angioedema/Hereditary angioedema) · Complement 2 deficiency/Complement 4 deficiency · MBL deficiency · Properdin deficiency · Complement 3 deficiency · Terminal complement pathway deficiency · Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria · Complement receptor deficiency M: LMC cell/phys/auag/auab/comp, igrc imdf/ipig/hyps/tumr proc, drug(L3/4)

Immune disorders, Immunoproliferative immunoglobulin disorders (D89, 273) PCDs/PP Plasmacytoma · Multiple myeloma (Plasma cell leukemia) · MGUS · IgM (Macroglobulinemia/Waldenström's macroglobulinemia) · heavy chain (Heavy chain disease) · light chain (Primary amyloidosis) Other hypergammaglobulinemia Cryoglobulinemia M: LMC cell/phys/auag/auab/comp, igrc imdf/ipig/hyps/tumr proc, drug(L3/4)

Immune disorders: hypersensitivity and autoimmune diseases (279.5–6) Type I/allergy/atopy (IgE) Foreign Atopic dermatitis · Allergic urticaria · Hay fever · Allergic asthma · Anaphylaxis · Food allergy (Milk, Egg, Peanut, Tree nut, Seafood, Soy, Wheat), Penicillin allergy Autoimmune none Type II/ADCC (IgM, IgG) Foreign Pernicious anemia · Hemolytic disease of the newborn Autoimmune Cytotoxic Autoimmune hemolytic anemia · Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura  · Bullous pemphigoid  · Pemphigus vulgaris · Rheumatic fever · Goodpasture's syndrome "Type 5"/receptor Graves' disease · Myasthenia gravis Type III (Immune complex) Foreign Henoch–Schönlein purpura · Hypersensitivity vasculitis · Reactive arthritis · Farmer's lung · Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis · Serum sickness · Arthus reaction Autoimmune Systemic lupus erythematosus · Subacute bacterial endocarditis · Rheumatoid arthritis Type IV/cell-mediated (T-cells) Foreign Allergic contact dermatitis · Mantoux test Autoimmune Diabetes mellitus type 1 · Hashimoto's thyroiditis · Guillain–Barré syndrome  · Multiple sclerosis  · Coeliac disease · Giant-cell arteritis GVHD Transfusion-associated graft versus host disease Unknown/ multiple Foreign Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis) · Transplant rejection · Latex allergy (I+IV) Autoimmune Sjögren's syndrome · Autoimmune hepatitis · Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (APS1, APS2) · Autoimmune adrenalitis · Systemic autoimmune disease M: LMC cell/phys/auag/auab/comp, igrc imdf/ipig/hyps/tumr proc, drug(L3/4)